The present study was undertaken to elicit information on the nature of variability in fifteen sponge gourd genotypes at College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Jabalpur during 2015-16. The magnitude of PVC was slightly greater than the GCV for all the characters. Higher values of genotypic as well as phenotypic coefficient of variation were observed for the characters viz., number of nodes at which first appearance of staminate flower, vine length at 15 DAS, number of leaves per vine at 15 DAS, number of nodes at which first appearance of pistillate flower, fruit yield per vine, number of branches per vine at 45 DAS, fruit yield per plot and fruit yield per hectare indicating predominance of additive gene action in the inheritance of these characters revealing likely hood of favorable response to selection by these characters. Higher heritability accompanied with high genetic advance were recorded for vine length at 15 DAS and number of nodes at which first appearance staminate flower. On the basis of correlation and path analysis, it can be concluded that the characters viz., number of leaves per vine at 45 DAS, number of branches per vine, number of fruits per vine, fruit length and average fruit weight can be considered for formulating plant ideotype with high seed yield in sponge gourd and for further utilization in future breeding programme.