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International Journal of Applied Agricultural & Horticultural Sciences
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Vol. 8 (4) : July-August 2017 issue
Green Farming Vol. 8 (4) : 759-765 ; July-August, 2017
Understanding and quantification of combining ability and heterosis for yield & yield related traits in maize (Zea mays L.)
B.R. MANI1* and S.K. DESHPANDE2
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Dharwad - 580 005 (Karnataka)
Designation :  
1Ph.D. Scholar *(mbreddys8102014@gmail.com), 2Professor & Head
Subject : Crop Genetics and Plant Breeding
Paper No. : P-6579
Total Pages : 7
Received : 28 February 2017
Revised accepted : 18 May 2017
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Citation :

B.R. MANI and S.K. DESHPANDE. 2017. Understanding and quantification of combining ability and heterosis for yield & yield related traits in maize (Zea mays L.). Green Farming  Vol. 8 (4) : 759-765 ; July-August, 2017

ABSTRACT
Maize is a crop of global importance due its diverse applications. Development of SCHs based on combining ability and heterosis is a right measure to derive high yielding genotypes to meet present demand. Therefore, a study in this direction was conducted during 2015-summer, 2016-kharif and summer-2016. The breeding material comprised of 31 lines, 2 testers (LM13 and LM17), 62 derived hybrids and 3 checks. Per se data of yield and its components was considered for the analysis using WINDOSTAT v8.1 software. ANOVA for combining ability and heterosis confirmed the existence of sufficient variability among parents, hybrids and their combinations therefore, it is possible to identify better parents for hybrid breeding. GCA/SCA ratio and narrow sense heritability for most of traits was less than unity and low which, indicated the role of non-additive genes in controlling their inheritance and an opportunity to improve them via heterosis breeding. Lines such as, L1, L11, L13, L17, L23, L24 and L25 were found to be best general combiners for most of yield related traits based on their GCA effects. Therefore, these line may be useful in development of synthetic population or may be pooled to derive superior inbreds and thus to serve as parents for hybrids. The best five heterotic combinations identified based on SCA are, L4xT2, L9xT2, L13xT1, L16xT1 and L25xT1 therefore, these hybrids may be further evaluated for stability across locations. Based on standard heterosis, the hybrid combinations which out yielded checks were, L11xT1 and L25xT1 these parents assumed to have favorable alleles for yield related traits and thus can serve as superior parents in yield improvement programme.
Key words :
Combining ability, GCA/SCA ratio, Grain yield, Heterosis, Lines, L x T design, Maize, Zea mays.