River bed vegetable cultivation system has a long history of its practice by the farmers of Barak Valley Region of Assam. This cultivation is usually adopted by landless farmers residing in the vicinity of rivers for meeting their household food security which constitute a distinct type of farming has emerged as a niche based on- farm income generation activity and a livelihood alternative for land poor families and well accepted by farmers. However, generally river bed farmers do not calculate the profit margin from the farming system, so an attempt has been carried out in the year 2013 under the supervision of KVK Hailakandi (ICAR) by selecting group of farmers to study the household income and nutritional aspects. The paper discusses about the river bed vegetable production system, future prospects, constraints, household income and nutritional value in particular from different vegetable crops grown in river bed. The benefit cost ratio of 2.35 was recorded from the farming system from one bigha area i.e., 1330 m2. This confirms its suitability of growing different vegetable crops for achieving better livelihood. The net profit will further increase if proper scientific agro techniques are followed along with introduction of high yielding varieties.