The experiment was conducted at the farmer's field in Kalinarayanpur during two consecutive rabi (winter) season of 2010 and 2011 to study the effect of mulching and different dates of sowing on the seed and oil yield of safflower under New Alluvial zone (Nadia) of West Bengal, India. In order to obtain safflower with high yield and quality, it is essential to determine the suitable sowing dates as well as comparative performance using different mulching variables as one of the moisture conservation measures under limited water resource. The experiment was designed in split-plot design with 3 different mulching system, viz. M1 = Dust mulching, M2 = Straw mulching and M3 = Plastic mulching, respectively considered as main-plot, while, 4 levels of date of sowing, viz. D1 = 1st week of November, D2 = 2nd week of November, D3 = 3rd week of November and D4 = 4th week of November considered as sub-plot treatment replicated thrice. The soil of the experimental field was fine in texture and clayloam in nature having a soil pH - 6.98, initial organic carbon (0.72%), total N (0.073%), available phosphorus (92.5 kg ha-1) and available potassium (241.8 kg ha-1), respectively. Results revealed that the seed yield, stick yield, oil content and oil yield of safflower were significantly influenced by the different mulching systems and different dates of sowing. Among the different mulching treatments, highest seed yield (15.74 q ha-1), stick yield (29.64 q ha-1), oil content (28.02%) and oil yield of safflower seeds (4.41 q ha-1) was obtained from plastic mulching treatment. Among the different dates of sowing, D1 (1st week of November) recorded significantly higher seed yield (12.02 q ha-1), stick yield (23.38 q ha-1), oil per cent (27.79%) and oil yield of safflower seeds (3.36 q oil ha-1) than all other 3 dates of sowing. It was also visualized that delayed sowing reduced the seed yield, oil per cent and oil yield of safflower.