Decline in legume crop productivity is as a result of the decline in soil fertility and reduced biological N2-fixation. Thus, the study was carried out to determine the influence of Bradyrhizobium japonicum inoculation and phosphorus rates on soybean nodulation, yield components, yield and quality; and to identify economically optimal treatments that can maximize the productivity of soybean. Factorial combinations of four B. japonicum strains with un-inoculated, (Soybean murodk, Soybean 12 and Soybean MAR-1495) and four phosphorus levels (0, 23, 46 and 69 kg P2O5 ha-1) were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The inoculated soybean seeds with Soybean 12 strain resulted in maximum plant height (70.43 cm). However maximum number of primary branches (5.42) was registered with inoculation of Soybean murodk and Soybean MAR-1495. Phosphorus at the rate of 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 gave significantly the highest plant height (72.62 cm), whereas application of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 gave the highest number of primary branches (5.75). Interaction of phosphorus and bradyrhizobium inoculation, revealed that application of 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 with Soybean 12 inoculation significantly resulted enhanced leaf area (64.2 cm2) and above ground biomass (8241 kg ha-1), whereas Soybean MAR-1495 strain inoculation produced highest harvest index (48.77 % plant-1). Phosphorus rates at 46 and 69 kg P2O5 ha-1 with Soybean 12 inoculation significantly resulted leaf area index of 0.157 plant-1. Thus, application of 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 with Soybean 12 inoculations proved to be superior in productivity and profitability.