The present study entitled “Factors affecting overall economic surplus (Disposable surplus) of small and marginal farmers in Vidarbha” was carried in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state. Study revealed that, the marginal farmers in C.V.Z and E.V.Z could not meet their household requirements as economic surplus from crops and dairy over actual domestic expenditure was ` -24895.43 in C.V.Z and ` -16045.87 in E.V.Z, shows negative surplus but due to the off-farm income added with economic surplus to determine overall economic surplus. Overall economic surplus in both the zones were found ` 142068.97 and ` 125025.33 in C.V.Z and E.V.Z resp. marginal farmers in W.V.Z can sustain with the economic surplus from crops and dairy over actual domestic expenditure and it was found ` 22635.06. In returns to different factors of production returns to management found higher in marginal farmers in Western Vidarbha Zone as ` 41524.23 and in case of small farmers higher returns to management fund in Eastern Vidarbha Zone as ` 46635.82. Farm business income which is the returns over cost A1 found better in Western Vidarbha Zone with ` 60109.07 in marginal farmers whereas in case of the small farmers it was ` 74458.56 in Eastern Vidarbha Zone. In income measures the off-farm income in both categories of small and marginal farmers in all three zones of the Vidarbha region shows great contribution in source of the income, from this total disposable income was found maximum in marginal farmers of the zone Western Vidarbha Zone as ` 192020.99. The factors which were considered to know cause and effect of the overall economic surplus (Disposable surplus) the off-farm income found significantly contributing to overall economic surplus in both categories of small and marginal farmers of the all three zones.