An investigation was carried out to assess nature and magnitude of genetic variability for productivity and grain quality traits in mini core collection of sorghum. Among nine quantitative traits, high estimates of PCV and GCV were recorded for most of the characters like plant height, ear head length, ear head width, seed yield per plant, 100 seed weight, seed volume, seed size except for seed bulk density and seed true density. High GCV, heritability coupled with genetic advance as per cent of mean were estimated for all productivity traits and grain quality characters except seed true density (18.16% of GAM). Significant positive association was observed via plant height, ear head width, 100 seed weight and seed size on seed yield per plant. Whereas, true density exhibits negative association with seed yield per plant. Path analysis revealed role of productivity and also for grain quality traits with high positive direct effect of plant height, ear head length, ear head width, 100 seed weight and bulk density on seed yield per plant. Mini core collection exhibited wide variation and also a good source for seed hardness ranging from hard (33.33%) to very hard (66.67%) seeds which is primary source of variability for improvement. However, magnitude of variation was high with respect to ear head and grain quality characters. Accession IS-19975 was superior for seed yield per plant, IS-27034 for test weight, IS-473 for bulk density, IS-29714 for true density and IS-19975 for seed size. Mini core collection is good source of variability for seed volume, bulk density, seed size, seed hardness and seed colour which are main attributes of grain quality can be involved in recombinational breeding programme.