The field experiment was conducted at Agronomy farm, Department of agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidypeeth, Akola during kharif season of 2014 to evaluate the effect of plant spacing and fertilizer doses on yield of cotton under rainfed condition. The seed cotton yield ha-1 recorded higher in plant spacing of 60 x 10cm2 (1,66,666 plant/ha) and 60 x 15 cm2 (1,11,111 plant/ha) due to more plants per unit area, and both were at par to each other and significantly superior over the 60 x 30 cm2 (55,555 plant/ha). The application of 200% RDF i.e. 100:50:50 and 150% RDF (75:37.5:37.5) N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1were equally effective in enhancing growth and yield parameters viz., plant height, leaf area, dry matter per plant and sympodial branches and were significantly superior over 100% RDF (50:25:25) N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1. Both the higher doses of 200% and 150% RDF recorded at par seed cotton yield but significantly superior over 100% RDF.Increased plant population of 1,66,666 plant/ha responded well to higher fertilizer dose of 200% RDF (100:50:50 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1) and recorded maximum seed cotton yield of 1984 kg ha-1. Higher gross returns and net returns were recorded in closer spacing of 60 x 10 cm2 as compared to 60 x 15 cm2 and 60 x 30 cm2. Among the fertilizer doses application of 200% RDF i.e. 100:50:50 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1 recorded maximum gross return and net returns which was significantly superior to 100% RDF but at par with 150% RDF i.e. (75:37.5:37.5) N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1 .