Eastern India especially, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal and Eastern Uttar Pradesh could only achieve relatively slow growth in the agricultural sector after the Independence. Having majority of population depending on the agriculture sector, the slow pace of agricultural growth is considered as a major reason for poverty in this region. Characterized by low external inputs and traditional methods of farming the organic agriculture can be a boon to bring sustainable growth in the agricultural sector. The recent data suggests that, the area under organic certification is still meagre in eastern India especially, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal put together has less that 0.3 per cent of total area under organic certification. Among the major bottlenecks for the adoption of organic farming across the world are the problems associated with management of biotic and abiotic stresses in the absence for chemical inputs. The major focus of the organic farming till now was to enhance the soil health through addition/conservation of organic matter and bringing sustainability to the farm production. But, various unforeseen biotic and abiotic crop stresses make the system vulnerable. Much research is needed in this direction to bring resilience into the organic agriculture through development of resistant cultivars, identification area specific effective strains of bio-control agents and exploration of bio-rational plant protection compounds especially the Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITK). The location specific microbial strains need to thoroughly explored and effective strains must be delivered in the form of “microbial consortia” for the best management of pests and diseases. Further, development of suitable marketing strategy at regional and national level is key to the successful adoption and sustainability of organic agriculture.