A field experiment was conducted on loamy sand soil of Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar (Gujarat) during the years 2011 and 2012. The soil of the experimental plot was low in organic carbon (0.19%) and available nitrogen (169 kg ha-1), medium in available phosphorous (39.65 ka ha-1) and potash (271 kg ha-1). The experiment was laid out in spit plot design with four replications. Fifteen treatment combinations comprised five intercropping treatments viz, sole maize, sole cowpea, maize + cowpea (1:1), maize + cowpea (2:1) and maize + cowpea (3:1) and three fertility levels viz, 75% RDF, 100% RDF and 125% RDF. The pooled results revealed that intercropping showed significant influence on growth and yield attributes viz, plant heights, number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, stem thickness, leaf stem ratio, length of internodes and average number of internodes per plant. These attributes were significantly higher with the maize + cowpea (2:1). Treatment maize + cowpea (2:1) recorded significantly higher maize equivalent yield, nitrogen content, crude protein content, crude fiber content and phosphorous content in both the crops than rest of the treatments. Regarding soil available nutrients, sole cowpea registered maximum values of nitrogen content by intercropping after harvest of crops. Further, the fertility levels significantly influenced the growth and yield attributes viz., plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, stem thickness, leaf stem ratio, length of internodes and average number of internodes per plant, these attributes tended to increase with the increase in fertility levels from 75% RDF to 125% RDF. The application of 125% RDF produced significantly higher maize equivalent yield, nitrogen content, crude protein content, crude fiber content in both crops as well as phosphorous content and total ash content in maize crop and it was at par with 100% RDF. Regarding soil available nutrients, 125% RDF registered maximum values of nitrogen but it was at par with 100% RDF. Intercropping of maize + cowpea (2:1) recorded higher net realization of ` 30185 ha-1 and BCR value of 2.85. Among different fertility levels, application of 125% RDF resulted in higher net realization (` 28865 ha-1) but the BCR (2.68) was recorded higher with 100% RDF which was closely followed by 125% RDF. The land equivalent ratio (1.22) was highest with maize + cowpea (2:1).